There are, however, some approaches to model those WM processes through understanding the differences, for example, between sanitary and unsanitary landfills. You can practically look for them on WM focused journals such as the Waste Management and the Waste Management & Research Journals or in other similar journals. However, the user might find such factors in the literature concerns WM in developing countries. Other reasons might be difficulties in acquiring these emissions factors.
#Openlca vs simapro software
That might be because these improper WM processes are prohibited in Europe and USA, and therefore, software and tools developed for those countries don’t include the needed emission factors. įor the case of studying WM in developing countries, studying the environmental impacts from uncontrolled (unsanitary or unmanaged landfill), open dumping, and open burning might not seem as an easy job with those software packages and tools. LandGem by EPA is another useful model for landfill gas emissions, available at. Other Software and tools that might be helpful in doing LCA of WM are those are for landfill characteristics and emissions. You might also want to look at Waste Reduction Model (WARM) developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and is available at. The Municipal Solid Waste Decision Support Tool (MSWDST) available at is one of the most useful WM software for decision making.
Many other related tools can be accessed on the Greenhouse Gas Protocol’s website. Another tool is SWM-GHG Calculator which is a GHG-focused tool. Such tools include UNU-IAS Urban Co-benefit Tools which allows scenario comparison with a wizard style parameter insertion developed at the Institute for Advanced Study of Sustainability, the United Nations University. Other LCA tools for WM are trhose MS-Excel based. However, WRATE is more suitable for the business and government sectors. plastic waste as bags, packaging film, and other types and metal waste as ferrous metals, steel and food drink cans, and non-ferrous metals (e.g., aluminium drink cans). paper waste as newspaper, magazines, recyclable paper, card packaging, etc. With WRATE, the user can specify the share of biological waste as garden waste, food waste, etc. For example, with other MSW software and tools, the user can insert waste as organic, paper, plastic, glass, metals, etc., but without the ability to specify what type of organic, paper, and plastic waste, etc. Another critical future is that might it doesn’t exist in other WM software in which the user can specify the waste stream managed in specific details. Describing the exact electricity mix in an LCA model is crucial as the LCA results are highly sensitive to the energy input. Another critical future is that the user can specify the electricity mix of a particular city or country (the share of coal, oil, gas, nuclear energy, renewable energy, and waste, etc.). Inventories can also be exported to MS-EXCEL. The user can calculate emissions to the medium (water, air, and soil) with several Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) methods. One of the unique advantages of using WRATE is it based on the ecoinvent Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) database.
The software is used to evaluate the environmental impacts of WM activities in a systematic approach during the whole life with a very simple user-friendly interface. However, please ensure that the CD that contains the IWM-2 software included from wherever you want to order the book.
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It works on up to Windows 7 and the book can be bought from the Wiley Online Library.
Though the software is old and it was not updated since the release of version 2.5 (IWM-2) on 2001, and it calculates very limited emissions for air and water only it is still is very useful for understanding and practicing the IWM concept and applying LCA with WM (e.g., climate change impacts through estimating the GHG emissions assessment). The book was one of the earlier books that discussed the Integrated Waste Management (IWM) concept and from the LCA perspective. The book itself is one of the must-read books for scholars concerned about WM and particularly integrated WM. IWM-2 is offered only with the “Integrated Solid Waste Management: A Life Cycle Inventory, Second Edition” book by Forbes R McDougall, Peter R White, Marina Franke, and Peter Hindle. Such software and tools include the IWM-2 software. However, when it comes to Waste Mmanagement (WM), specific waste management software and tools are available too. Several general-purpose Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) software exist (e.g., SimaPro, GaBi ts, Umberto, and OpenLCA).
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